We have listed common industry terms for you to familiarize yourself with what we do
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Aggregate –Sand, rock or crushed concrete typically placed on top of subgrade and underneath pavement to act as a stabilizing base.
Asphalt Cement – A dark brown to black cementitious material in which the predominating constituents are bitumens which occur in nature or are obtained in petroleum processing. It is used as thecementing agent in Hot Mix Asphalt Pavements.
Blacktop – Common "slang" term for asphalt. However this term should not be used in requesting any specifications or work as the term is widely used with various meanings in different areas. For example sometimes "blacktop" is used to refer to a penetration pavement or hot oil treatment or even sealcoating.
Butt Joints – When new asphalt meets existing asphalt, a clean, straight meeting point is required. This is referred to as a butt joint, usually sealed with crack seal to prevent moisture from finding its way under the pavement.
Catch Basin – Often referred to as a “sewer” or “manhole,” a catch basin is a drain placed in the ground to catch rainwater runoff.
Emulsion – Mechanically produced combination of ingredients which do not normally mix. For example, asphalt emulsions are made by a procedure which mechanically mills the warm asphalt into minute globules, dispersing them in water, and adding a small amount of an emulsifying agent. Most of today's "asphalt oils" as well as sealcoatings for parking areas driveways, and roadways use emulsions because they are far more environmentally friendly than older formulas that contained solvents.
Full Depth Repair – A procedure where damaged asphalt and associated stone base is removed and replaced. Full depth repair is often needed when the stone base has failed in some way.
Header – When an asphalt overlay is directly adjacent to an existing surface, the change in grade resulting from the overlay needs to be blended into the grade of the nearby existing pavement. This is done with a header, which calls for the removal of pavement along the edge of the existing and the sealing of the joint.
Mat, Asphalt – A term used to describe the fresh asphalt surface behind the paving machine. Most commonly used to refer to the asphalt during the lay down and compaction phase of construction.
Milling – The removal of an asphalt surface mechanically. Milling is often referred to as “grinding” since a milling machine pulls up and grinds an existing surface and deposits the spoils in waiting trucks.
Overlay – The installation of a new asphalt surface over an existing surface.
Partial Depth Repair – A procedure where a section of damaged asphalt is removed, the stone base re-graded and new asphalt is installed. Partial depth repair is sometimes referred to as patching, but patching typically does not include removal.
Patching – see Partial Depth Repair above.
Prime Coat – The application of liquid asphalt materials over the aggregate stone base in preparation for the first coat of asphalt pavement.
Pulverization – The grinding of an asphalt surface where the broken up asphalt remains on the ground. This is often done when the customer or contractor doesn’t want to lose the stability of the old surface, but wants a new coat of asphalt.
R.A.P. – Abbreviation for Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement. Most commonly refers to ground asphalt which is added back into a virgin asphalt mixture at the mixing plant. This and related procedures using RAP are becoming common for economical and environmental reasons. Recycled pavements may have different performance characteristics than conventional mixtures. Larger contracts today should specify if the use of RAP materials is encouraged, allowed, or not allowed.
Reflective Cracking – Cracks in asphalt overlay pavement caused by cracks in the existing pavement "reflecting" up through the overlay. Specialized techniques and materials such a multi-membrane paving fabrics help reduce this problem.
Routing – Enlargement of pavement cracks using a specialized machine. This provides a uniform width reservoir for the sealant. Proper choice of bit size will result in the proper depth to width ratio (depth=width). Properly used this procedure greatly increases the effectiveness and durability of crack sealing.
Sealcoating – Application of a sealant (usually coal-tar emulsion or asphalt emulsion type) to preserve, protect, and beautify asphalt pavements. Generally used on low traffic streets or off-street locations. There are many different sealcoating products available from low-end "do-it-yourself" grades sold in buckets to commercial products. Commercial products are sold in bulk in concentrated form. Water, silica sand (or other suitable aggregates) and specialized additives are then added in precise ratios (mix design) by the contractor in an agitated mixing tank. Care should be taken to choose the appropriate product, mix design, and application method for the specific project and its location.
Slurry Seal – A sealcoating process generally used on runways, streets, and roadways. In this process the coating is manufactured by the application equipment as it is being applied. A closely specified blend of graded asphalt emulsion, additives, and aggregate slurry seal is generally classified as Type I, II, or III depending on the size of aggregate used. A large aggregate slurry seal with additional polymers may also be referred to as microsurfacing. It is used infrequently on parking areas due to the potential for tracking in hot weather.
Subgrade – The soil prepared to support a structure or a pavement system. It is the foundation for the "pavement structure."
Tack Coat – Asphalt oil, usually emulsion type, applied to existing pavement during repairs or overlay paving to create a bond between the old and new asphalt.
Undercutting – The removal of asphalt pavement and the addition of aggregate stone base in order to change the slope or grade of the existing surface. After stone is added, the area must then be repaved.
Contact Atlas Paving in Toledo if you need an asphalt surface constructed or repaired.
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